Pulmonary infarction caused by sarcoidosis vascular involvement: A case report

Pathol Int. 2021 Jul;71(7):480-484. doi: 10.1111/pin.13104. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease. In pulmonary sarcoidosis, granulomatous vascular involvement is a common feature that occurs in all types of vessels, including large elastic arteries to venules, but sarcoidosis complicated with pulmonary infarction has not been reported. We report a case of a 60 years old female, who was operated on a clinical diagnosis of lung cancer, and histological examination revealed a pulmonary infarction and sarcoidosis. In the pulmonary elastic arteries, granulomas infiltrated the adventitia and media, and caused elastic fiber collapse and destruction. Arterial occlusion by granulomas was observed in the edge of the infarcted area. It was considered that the arterial sarcoidosis granuloma involvement was the cause of pulmonary infarction. Sarcoidosis is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular events. However, pulmonary infarction is an extremely rare complication of sarcoidosis. Our case suggests that sarcoidosis may cause vascular events in the lungs.

Keywords: granuloma; pathology; pulmonary infarction; sarcoidosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Granuloma / diagnosis
  • Granuloma / pathology
  • Humans
  • Lung / pathology
  • Lung Diseases / pathology
  • Lung Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Pulmonary Artery / pathology
  • Pulmonary Infarction* / etiology
  • Pulmonary Infarction* / pathology
  • Sarcoidosis* / diagnosis
  • Sarcoidosis* / pathology