1 Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States.
2 Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States.
3 PETA Science Consortium International e.V., 70499 Stuttgart, Germany.
A broad range of in vitro test methods have been developed given their numerous potential advantages over in vivo tests. We describe here key resources and tools to increase the reliability and reproducibility of in vitro toxicological test methods.