Neurodegenerative processes with type 2 diabetes mellitus in particular aggravate the course of the disease, change the usual life rhythm, and are a considerable part of high disability and lethality rates.
Aim: The aim of the study was to examine enalapril effect on protein peroxide oxidation, activity of proteolysis and fibrinolysis enzymes and morphological state of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus under conditions of neurodegeneration in case of experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods: Changes in the content of protein peroxide oxidation products activity of proteolysis and fibrinolysis enzymes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus are examined under enalapril effect (1 mg/kg) in nonlinear laboratory albino male rats with neurodegeneration under conditions of type 2 diabetes mellitus simulated by streptozotocin and high-fat diet.
Results: After introduction of enalapril during 14 days for rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus the content of proteins of a neutral and main character, activity of proteolysis and fibrinolysis enzymes in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus decreases, which is indicative of reduced protein peroxide oxidation, intensified under conditions of diabetic neurodegeneration. Morphological picture of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus is characterized by a decreased amount of cells with karyopyknosis and increased relative density of the tigroid substance staining of neurons and lack of denudation signs of the vessels, which is indicative of a positive rebuilding of the neuron structure.
Conclusions: The conducted study demonstrates a protective effect of enalapril in case of central neurodegeneration caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus, one of the mechanisms of which is decrease of protein peroxide oxidation in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus inhibiting the processes of nerve cells destruction.
Keywords: enalapril; fibrinolysis; neurodegeneration; proteolysis; type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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