[COVID-19 and elderly people in nursing homes: Impact according to the modality of residence]

Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol. 2021 Jul-Aug;56(4):208-217. doi: 10.1016/j.regg.2021.02.003. Epub 2021 Feb 27.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Purpose: To find out whether elements such as public expenditure, the coverage ratio, public or private ownership, and the size of Nursing homes relate to the number of deaths in residences per COVID-19.

Material and methods: A total of 15 variables are analyzed in 17 Autonomous Communities (n = 17), where the following stand out: public expenditure per dependent person; incidence of COVID-19 in each Autonomous Community; deaths in Nursing homes by COVID-19; and analysis of places in Nursing homes. Reliability of r = 0.613. Regression analyses are carried out with the different variables, and ANOVA tests.

Results: Percentages of deaths by COVID-19 in Nursing homes, between 40% and 88%, of the total of (p < 0.001, X2 = 0.975). A relationship is established between the number of deaths from COVID-19 in Nursing homes, and the higher number of private Nursing homes (p < 0.001, X2 = 0.633). The larger the size of the Nursing home, the more deaths by COVID-19 were recorded (p < 0.001, X2 = 0.787), with private Nursing homes having +100 places, and public Nursing homes having +100 places (p < 0.001, X2 = 0.808).

Conclusions: It was found that there is a relationship between the number of deaths from COVID-19 in Nursing homes, and the fact that there are a greater number of private Nursing homes in that autonomous community. It was detected that the model of Nursing home best prepared to face the COVID-19: public Nursing homes with less than 25 places.

Objetivo: Averiguar si los elementos como el gasto público, la ratio de cobertura, su titularidad pública o privada y el tamaño tienen relación con el número de fallecidos en residencias por COVID-19.

Material y métodos: Se analizan un total de 15 variables en 17 comunidades autónomas (n = 17), donde se destaca: el gasto público por persona dependiente; la incidencia de la COVID-19 en cada comunidad autónoma; los fallecidos en residencias de mayores por esta enfermedad y los análisis de las plazas en estos lugares. Fiabilidad de r = 0,613. Se efectúan los análisis de regresión con las distintas variables y la prueba de ANOVA.

Resultados: El porcentaje de fallecidos por COVID-19 en residencias oscila entre el 40 al 88% del total (p < 0,001 X2 = 0,975). Se establece una relación entre el número de decesos por COVID-19 en residencias y la mayor cantidad de residencias privadas (p < 0.001 X2 = 0,633). A mayor es el tamaño de la institución, más muertes por COVID-19 se registraron (p < 0,001 X2 = 0,787), con las residencias privadas de + 100 plazas, y en públicas de + 100 (p < 0,001 X2 = 0,808).

Conclusiones: Se averiguó que existe una relación entre el número de fallecidos por COVID-19 en residencias y el hecho de que en esa comunidad autónoma haya mayor número de residencias privadas. Se detecta que el modelo de residencias mejor preparadas para enfrentar la COVID-19 son aquellas públicas de menos de 25 plazas.

Keywords: COVID-19; Deceased; Fallecidos; Nursing homes; Ownership; Residencias de mayores; Size; Tamaño; Titularidad.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • COVID-19 / mortality*
  • Health Expenditures
  • Homes for the Aged*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Nursing Homes*
  • Ownership
  • Private Facilities
  • Public Facilities
  • Spain