Although around 83% of individuals survive a stroke, they usually experience a significant loss in their motor execution (ME) capabilities due to their acquired cortical infarction. The loss of significant ME capabilities due to stroke damage was previously thought to be irreversible. Active movement therapies show considerable promise but depend on motor performance, excluding many otherwise eligible patients. Motor imagery (MI), a process that involves the use of mirror neurons to imagine motor activity, has emerged as a possible avenue to re-acquire some physical abilities lost to stroke damage. This paper examines previous studies to compare the strength of brain activation and connectivity in individuals who have brain lesions and those who do not as they all attempt ME and MI tasks. This paper reviews case studies investigating the direct effect of motor imagery in conjunction with physical therapy and the limitations of motor imagery based on the location of cortical damage and other variables, such as age. The findings analyzed in this review indicate that MI would serve as a beneficial addition to physical therapy and a viable option to stimulate motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in individuals not capable of pursuing physical therapy due to severe motor impairment. Regardless of the presence of brain lesions, motor imagery has consistently had a positive impact on motor rehabilitation either in boosting treatment or stimulating neuromuscular pathways. Therefore, we have concluded that MI is a viable supplemental treatment plan for motor recovery in most patients with motor cortical atrophy.
Keywords: infarction; m1; mirror neurons; motor cortex; motor cortical; motor execution; motor imagery; neurological connectivity; plasticity; stroke.
Copyright © 2021, Gowda et al.