Structural characterization and immunomodulatory mechanisms of two novel glucans from Morchella importuna fruiting bodies

Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Jul 31:183:145-157. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.084. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Abstract

Two novel glucans named MIPB50-W and MIPB50-S-1 were obtained from edible Morchella importuna with molecular weights (Mw) of 939.2 kDa and 444.5 kDa, respectively. MIPB50-W has a backbone of α-(1 → 4)-d-glucan, which was substituted at O-6 position by α-d-Glcp-(1→. Moreover, MIPB50-S-1 has a backbone of α-(1 → 4)-d-glucan, which was substituted at O-6 position by α-d-Glcp-(1 → 6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→. This is the first report about glucan found in Morchella mushrooms. Furthermore, MIPB50-W and MIPB50-S-1 strengthened the phagocytosis function and the promoted secretion of interleukins (IL)-6/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO), which induced the activation of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4 as well as mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways. Interestingly, MIPB50-S-1 performed the better immunomodulatory activity than that of MIPB50-W in almost all tests. Therefore, MIPB50-W and MIPB50-S-1 are potential immune-enhancing components of functional foods.

Keywords: Glucans; Immunomodulatory activity; Morchella importuna; RAW264.7 cells; Structural characterization.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Ascomycota / metabolism*
  • Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / metabolism*
  • Glucans / chemistry
  • Glucans / isolation & purification
  • Glucans / pharmacology*
  • Immunologic Factors / chemistry
  • Immunologic Factors / isolation & purification
  • Immunologic Factors / pharmacology*
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Macrophages / drug effects*
  • Macrophages / immunology
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Molecular Structure
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism
  • Nitric Oxide / metabolism
  • Phagocytosis / drug effects
  • RAW 264.7 Cells
  • Signal Transduction
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Toll-Like Receptor 2 / metabolism
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4 / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

Substances

  • Glucans
  • Immunologic Factors
  • Interleukin-6
  • NF-kappa B
  • Tlr2 protein, mouse
  • Tlr4 protein, mouse
  • Tnf protein, mouse
  • Toll-Like Receptor 2
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • interleukin-6, mouse
  • Nitric Oxide
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases

Supplementary concepts

  • Morchella importuna