Recognizing and Preventing Participant Deception in Online Nicotine and Tobacco Research Studies: Suggested Tactics and a Call to Action

Affiliations

• ¹ Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA.
• ² Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, SC, USA.
• ³ Hollings Cancer Center, MUSC, Charleston, SC, USA.
• ⁴ Mayo Clinic, Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Nicotine Research Program, Rochester, MN, USA.
• ⁵ SRNT University, Madison, WI, USA.
• ⁶ VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA.
• ⁷ University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
• ⁸ Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (formerly Group Health Research Institute), Seattle, WA, USA.
• ⁹ Fire Department of the City of New York, Bureau of Health Services, Tobacco Treatment Program, Bayside, NY, USA.
• ¹⁰ Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
• ¹¹ Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
• ¹² Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
• ¹³ Datatope, LLC, Seattle, WA, USA.