Components study on antitussive effect and holistic mechanism of Platycodonis Radix based on spectrum-effect relationship and metabonomics analysis

Chi Zhang; Jian Liang; Lifen Zhou; En Yuan; Jinxiang Zeng; Jixiao Zhu; Yuye Zhu; Li Zhou; Chong-Zhi Wang; Chun-Su Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122680

Components study on antitussive effect and holistic mechanism of Platycodonis Radix based on spectrum-effect relationship and metabonomics analysis

J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2021 Apr 2:1173:122680. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122680. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Chi Zhang¹, Jian Liang¹, Lifen Zhou², En Yuan², Jinxiang Zeng³, Jixiao Zhu¹, Yuye Zhu¹, Li Zhou¹, Chong-Zhi Wang⁴, Chun-Su Yuan⁴

Affiliations

¹ Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, PR China.
² Shared Services Center of Large Precise Instruments, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, PR China.
³ Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, PR China. Electronic address: zjx@jxutcm.edu.cn.
⁴ Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

PMID: 33872929
DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122680

Abstract

The antitussive effect of Platycodonis Radix is closely related to the components in saponins fraction of Platycodonis Radix extract (SFPRE); however, these active components and their holistic mechanism remain unknown. Hence, a new method by integrating spectrum-effect relationship analysis with metabolomics analysis was applied to study the active components and their holistic mechanism simultaneously. For spectrum-effect relationship analysis, chemical fingerprints of ten batches of SFPRE were developed using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MSⁿ; antitussive effect were evaluated using a classic mice-cough model induced by ammonia liquor. Spectrum-effect relationship was analyzed by partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis. For metabolomics analysis, the altered metabolites related to cough in serum were identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA); metabolic pathway analysis was depended on MetaboAnalyst 4.0, KEGG database, METLIN database and HMDB database. Our findings showed that 10 identified components of Polygalacin D (peak 26), Deapio-platycodin D (peak 21), Platycodin D (peak 23), β-Gentiotriosyl platycodigenin (peak 37), Platycoside G3 (peak 17), Platycoside C (peak 25), Platycodin D3 (peak 16), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin (peak 33), Platycoside F (peak 19) and 3″-O-acetyl platycodin D3 (peak 15), and 2 unidentified components (peak 45 and 44) possessed antitussive effects. The metabolomics analysis result showed that 19 metabolites were potential biomarkers related to the cough, 16 of which could be restored to normal levels by SFPRE. These biomarkers were involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism. The current study may facilitate the development of antitussive medicines with fewer side-effects based on Platycodonis Radix.

Keywords: Antitussive effect; Holistic mechanism; Metabolomics analysis; Platycodonis Radix; Spectrum-effect relationship.