Acute toxicity and morphology alterations of glyphosate-based herbicides to Daphnia magna and Cyclops vicinus

Kiki Gustinasari; Łukasz Sługocki; Robert Czerniawski; Ellina S Pandebesie; Joni Hermana

doi:10.1007/s43188-020-00054-1

Acute toxicity and morphology alterations of glyphosate-based herbicides to Daphnia magna and Cyclops vicinus

Toxicol Res. 2020 Jul 27;37(2):197-207. doi: 10.1007/s43188-020-00054-1. eCollection 2021 Apr.

Authors

Kiki Gustinasari¹, Łukasz Sługocki², Robert Czerniawski², Ellina S Pandebesie¹, Joni Hermana¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111 Indonesia.
² Department of Hydrobiology and General Zoology, University of Szczecin, ul. Felczaka 3c, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland.

Abstract

Zooplankton is very sensitive to various agrochemicals including glyphosate herbicides which may arise from runoff in paddy fields. In this study, acute toxicity test of Glyphosate-Based Herbicides (GBHs) was conducted to Daphnia magna and Cyclops vicinus. Acute toxicity test was performed to both organisms at the Glyphosate concentrations of 20, 80, 160, 320, and 640 mg/L in exposure time of 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h. The mortality and morphology were observed to determine the LC₅₀ and the effect of its morphology. The test showed that D. magna was more susceptible than C. vicinus. The LC₅₀ of GBHs to D. magna and C. vicinus for its different exposure time were respectively show as follows: 76.67 mg/L and 207.89 mg/L (12 h); 36.2 mg/L and 159.8 mg/L (24 h); and 21.34 mg/L and 92.93 mg/L (48 h). There were no significant differences of the alteration of spin length, body length, and head length of D. magna to exposure of GBHs, except the head width. While body length alteration of C. vicinus was significantly different towards the increase in concentration.

Keywords: Acute toxicity; Cyclops vicinus; Daphnia magna; Glyphosate; Morphology alteration; Toxicology.