Wheel structured Zeonex-based photonic crystal fiber sensor in THz regime for sensing milk

Md Aminul Islam; Mohammad Rakibul Islam; Sadia Siraz; Muntaha Rahman; Mariea Sharaf Anzum; Fateha Noor

doi:10.1007/s00339-021-04472-2

Wheel structured Zeonex-based photonic crystal fiber sensor in THz regime for sensing milk

Appl Phys A Mater Sci Process. 2021;127(5):311. doi: 10.1007/s00339-021-04472-2. Epub 2021 Apr 4.

Authors

Md Aminul Islam¹, Mohammad Rakibul Islam², Sadia Siraz², Muntaha Rahman², Mariea Sharaf Anzum², Fateha Noor²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, City University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
² Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, 1704 Bangladesh.

Abstract

In this paper, a wheel structured Zeonex-based hexagonal packing photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor has been proposed for sensing camel milk with a refractive index of 1.3423 and cow milk with a refractive index of 1.3459. This sensor has been investigated for porosities of 85%, 90%, and 98% within a terahertz (THz) region ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 THz. At an operating frequency of 2 THz, this sensor has shown a maximum sensitivity of 81.16% and 81.32% for camel and cow milk, respectively. EML of 0.033013 cm^-1 and 0.03284 cm^-1 has been found for camel and cow milk, respectively, at the same operating conditions with negligible confinement losses of 8.675 $\times$ 10^-18 cm^-1 1.435 $\times$ 10^-18 cm^-1. Several other parameters, such as the effective area, flattened dispersion, and numerical aperture, have also been obtained during the investigation. Since considerable attention has not been given yet in detecting various types of dairy products using PCF terahertz sensors, this design will pave a whole new path in further implementing THz sensing in the dairy industry.

Keywords: Confinement loss; Core power fraction; MTIR; PCF; Porosity; Sensitivity; THz Sensor.