The graceful art, significant function and wide application behavior of ultrasound research and understanding in carbamazepine (CBZ) enhanced removal and degradation by Fe0/PDS/US

Wei Wei; Dong Zhou; Li Feng; Xuhao Li; Lijun Hu; Huaili Zheng; Yinli Wang

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130368

The graceful art, significant function and wide application behavior of ultrasound research and understanding in carbamazepine (CBZ) enhanced removal and degradation by Fe⁰/PDS/US

Chemosphere. 2021 Sep:278:130368. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130368. Epub 2021 Apr 2.

Authors

Wei Wei¹, Dong Zhou¹, Li Feng², Xuhao Li³, Lijun Hu⁴, Huaili Zheng⁵, Yinli Wang³

Affiliations

¹ School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Hefei, 230061, China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230061, China.
² School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: fl19860314@126.com.
³ School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
⁴ School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
⁵ Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.

PMID: 33838417
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130368

Abstract

Carbamazepine (CBZ) antibiotic organic contamination wastewater poses a huge threat to environmental safety. An advanced oxidation technology (Fe⁰/PDS/US) of using ultrasound (US) enhanced zero-valent iron/potassium persulfate (Fe⁰/PDS) can remove CBZ effectively. The optimal reaction conditions were determined by exploring the effect of single-factor experimental conditions such as ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency, CBZ concentration, solution pH, PDS dosage, and Fe⁰ dosage on the removal of CBZ. In addition, we also investigated into the effect of background ions (PO₄^3-, HCO₃^-, Cl^- and HA) on Fe⁰/PDS/US and analyzed the related results. The mechanism of CBZ removal in Fe⁰/PDS/US were explored by analyzing CBZ removal efficiency and reaction rates, the ion concentration of S₂O₈^2-, SO₄^2-, Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺, pH and the active radicals. The result indicates that US can improve the efficiency of activated PDS and expand the pH range of Fe⁰/PDS. It has prominent performance in catalytically degrading CBZ when the pH is 10.0. SO₄^•-, ^•OH and O₂^•- all coexist in the Fe⁰/PDS/US and make contribution to CBZ removal, whereas the SO₄^•- plays a key role. US can greatly promotes the degradation of target pollutant CBZ by speeding up the dissolution of the outer portion of iron powder, producing sufficient amount of Fe²⁺ with a continuous and stable way, and better activating S₂O₈^2- to generate sufficient SO₄^•- radicals. The degradation of CBZ may embrace three reaction processes, in which organic intermediate products with low molecular weight and biological toxicity is produced, boosting further mineralization and biodegradation of products. The Fe⁰/PDS/US is of great potential application value in removal of organic pollution and environmental purification.

Keywords: Active radicals; Carbamazepine removal; Potassium persulfate; Ultrasound; Zerovalent iron; pH.

MeSH terms

Biodegradation, Environmental
Carbamazepine
Iron
Oxidation-Reduction
Water Pollutants, Chemical* / analysis

Substances

Water Pollutants, Chemical
Carbamazepine
Iron