The microbial abundance and communities were characterized in CWs with different plant species during winter. Better removal efficiency with high microbial abundance and diversified microbial community were found in CWs planted with Phragmites australis. This study confirmed that in winter, withered plants in CWs can effectively remove NH4+-N and COD by affecting microbial abundance and community structure.
Keywords: Constructed wetland; pollutant removal; winter.