»: The true incidence of pseudotumors in association with total joint arthroplasty is underestimated.
»: Pseudotumors occur with metal-on-metal, metal-on-polyethylene, and metal-on-ceramic articulations.
»: Metal ion levels should not be the only factor in decision-making regarding revision surgery.
»: Revision surgery is only indicated in symptomatic patients with clinical and radiographic findings and elevated metal ion levels.
»: Revision to a non-metal articulation is strongly suggested.
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