Sildenafil improves right ventricular remodelling in monocrotaline-induced rats by decreasing myocardial apoptosis and activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

J Pharm Pharmacol. 2021 Mar 4;73(2):145-151. doi: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa017.

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the effect of sildenafil on monocrotaline-induced right ventricular (RV) remodeling and investigate the possible mechanism.

Methods: Rats were subcutaneously injected with monocrotaline to establish an RV remodeling model and then administered sildenafil (25 mg/kg) from days 1 to 28. After 28 days of administration, the RV systolic pressure and the RV hypertrophy index (RVHI) were measured. The morphology of the right ventricle was observed by H&E staining. The ultrastructure of the right ventricle was observed using a transmission electron microscope. The myocardial apoptosis of the right ventricle was evaluated by TUNEL staining. The protein expression of apoptosis-related proteins and PPARs were examined by western blotting.

Key findings: The results indicated that sildenafil decreased the RV systolic pressure and RVHI, and improved the microstructure and ultrastructure of the right ventricle in monocrotaline-induced rats. In addition, sildenafil suppressed myocardial apoptosis and promoted the protein expression of PPARs of the right ventricle in monocrotaline-induced rats.

Conclusion: Sildenafil inhibits RV remodeling in monocrotaline-induced rats, which might be partially mediated by reducing myocardial apoptosis and activating PPARs.

Keywords: myocardial apoptosis; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; right ventricular remodelling; sildenafil.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Heart Ventricles / drug effects*
  • Heart Ventricles / pathology
  • In Situ Nick-End Labeling
  • Monocrotaline
  • Myocardium / pathology
  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / drug effects
  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / metabolism
  • Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Sildenafil Citrate / pharmacology*
  • Ventricular Remodeling / drug effects*

Substances

  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
  • Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
  • Monocrotaline
  • Sildenafil Citrate