NOS3 Polymorphisms Can Influence the Effect of Multicomponent Training on Blood Pressure, Nitrite Concentration and Physical Fitness in Prehypertensive and Hypertensive Older Adult Women

Átila Alexandre Trapé; Jhennyfer Aline Lima Rodrigues; Letícia Perticarrara Ferezin; Gustavo Duarte Ferrari; Elisangela Aparecida da Silva Lizzi; Vitor Nolasco de Moraes; Roberta Fernanda da Silva; Anderson Saranz Zago; Javier Brazo-Sayavera; Carlos Roberto Bueno Júnior

doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.566023

NOS3 Polymorphisms Can Influence the Effect of Multicomponent Training on Blood Pressure, Nitrite Concentration and Physical Fitness in Prehypertensive and Hypertensive Older Adult Women

Front Physiol. 2021 Mar 10:12:566023. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.566023. eCollection 2021.

Affiliations

¹ Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
² School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
³ Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
⁴ Academic Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Technology - Paraná, Cornélio Procópio, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil.
⁶ Polo de Desarrollo Universitario EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República (UDELAR), Rivera, Uruguay.

Abstract

Associations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) polymorphisms with hypertension and response to exercise training in prehypertensive and hypertensive older adult women remain unclear. This study used a multicomponent program (various capacities and motor skills) in the physical training intervention. It analyzed the influence of NOS3 polymorphisms [-786T > C, 894G > T (Glu298Asp), and intron 4b/a] on the response of blood pressure (BP), nitrite concentration, and physical fitness in older adult women. Fifty-two participants aged between 50 and 80 underwent body mass index, BP, 6-min walk, elbow flexion, and sit and stand-up tests to assess physical fitness. The intervention duration was 12 weeks, twice a week, on non-consecutive days. Each session lasted 90 min, maintaining an intensity between 13 (moderate) and 15 (intense), controlled by the Subjective Effort Perception Scale. Plasma/blood samples were collected to assess nitrite concentration and genotyping. The statistical analysis included Fisher's exact test and linear mixed-effects models. The multicomponent training's positive effect was observed with a similar response in both prehypertensive and hypertensive groups. However, carriers of different genotypes demonstrated different responses to training: the decreases in systolic and diastolic BP and increases in nitrite expected from the physical training were smaller in variant genotype than ancestral genotype carriers, especially in the hypertensive group. At positions -786T > C and Glu298Asp, only the ancestral genotypes showed a decrease in diastolic BP (Δ% = -8.1, and Δ% = -6.5, respectively) and an increase on nitrite (Δ% = 19.1, and Δ% = 24.1, respectively) in the hypertensive group. Our results show that the benefits of a multicomponent training intervention seem to be genotype-dependent. It should be possible to consider genetic variants when selecting an exercise treatment intervention.

Keywords: aging; exercise training; genotype; nitric oxide; physical activity.