Benefits of mitral valve repair over replacement in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis

J Card Surg. 2021 Jul;36(7):2524-2530. doi: 10.1111/jocs.15506. Epub 2021 Mar 30.

Abstract

Objectives: Mitral valve (MV) repair has demonstrated excellent short- and long-term outcomes, however, its merit in the elderly population is still debated. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies that have compared the MV repair to replacement in the elderly population.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted for any study published on MV surgery on elderly patients (≥75 years old). A pooled risk-ratio meta-analysis was done to evaluate short-term mortality, postoperative complications, surgical timings, and long-term survival rates.

Results: A total of nine retrospective observational studies were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Pooled meta-analysis showed a reduced risk of short-term mortality for the MV repair group (risk ratio [RR] = 0.41 [0.24-0.71], p-value = .005). Postoperative neurological complications were in favor of repair, although not significantly (RR = 0.49 [0.21-1.11], p-value = .07). Operative timings (cardiopulmonary bypass and crossclamp time) were not different between the groups although no data were available on the complexity of the repairs. Long-term survival rates were in favor of the repairs (pooled treatment effect of -0.47 [-0.64; -0.29], p = .005).

Conclusions: MV surgery is a safe and effective procedure for the elderly. MV repair demonstrated better short-term outcomes compared to replacement. Long-term survival rates are significantly better after repair.

Keywords: elderly; meta-analysis; mitral valve; mitral valve repair.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation*
  • Humans
  • Mitral Valve / surgery
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / surgery
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome