The role of O-glycosylation in human disease

Mol Aspects Med. 2021 Jun:79:100964. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100964. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Abstract

O-glycosylation is a highly frequent post-translation modification of proteins, with important functional implications in both physiological and disease contexts. The biosynthesis of O-glycans depends on several layers of regulation of the cellular glycosylation machinery, being organ-, tissue- and cell-specific. This review provides insights on the molecular mechanism underlying O-glycan biosynthesis and modification, and highlights illustrative examples of diseases that are triggered or modulated by aberrant cellular O-glycosylation. Particular relevance is given to genetic disorders of glycosylation, infectious diseases and cancer. Finally, we address the potential of O-glycans and their biosynthetic pathways as targets for novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: Cancer; Cellular signaling; Glycan-based therapies; Glycosyltransferases; Infection; O-Glycans.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Glycosylation
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Polysaccharides*
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational

Substances

  • Polysaccharides