Xantho-granulomatous mastitis preceded by cysts on ultrasound: Two cases with review of literature

Harit Kapoor; Yuxi Zhang; Shadi A Qasem; Wendi Owen; Margaret M Szabunio

doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.02.033

Xantho-granulomatous mastitis preceded by cysts on ultrasound: Two cases with review of literature

Clin Imaging. 2021 Oct:78:64-68. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.02.033. Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Authors

Harit Kapoor¹, Yuxi Zhang², Shadi A Qasem³, Wendi Owen², Margaret M Szabunio²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St. HX315E, Lexington, KY, USA. Electronic address: haritkapoor@gmail.com.
² Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St. HX315E, Lexington, KY, USA.
³ Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, 800 Rose St. HX315E, Lexington, KY, USA.

PMID: 33770558
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.02.033

Abstract

Xantho-granulomatous mastitis (XGM) is a rare entity, only recently described in 2005. These lesions are often biopsied due to their clinical and radiological resemblance to breast cancer. With limited clinical experience, the etiopathogenesis and natural history of XGM remains unknown. We present two cases of pathologically proven XGM that were imaged at two time-points, with the findings alluding to the possibility of a precursor stage of cyst formation. In addition, we present a thorough review of all cases published to date and discuss the differential considerations and management implications of XGM.

Keywords: Breast inflammation; Mimic breast cancer; XGM; Xanthogranulomatous mastitis.

Publication types

Case Reports
Review

MeSH terms

Breast Neoplasms* / diagnosis
Cysts*
Diagnosis, Differential
Female
Granulomatous Mastitis* / diagnostic imaging
Humans
Mastitis* / diagnostic imaging
Ultrasonography