Local Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Gene Expression in Kidney Allografts Is Not Affected by Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Inhibitors

Kidney Blood Press Res. 2021;46(2):245-249. doi: 10.1159/000513710. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

Abstract

Background: Preclinical studies suggested that pharmacological inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by ACE inhibitors (ACEis) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) may increase local angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression.

Methods: In this study, we evaluated the effect of ACEi or ARB treatment on expression of ACE2, ACE, and AGTR1 in 3-month protocol kidney allograft biopsies of stable patients using RT-qPCR (n = 48). Protein ACE2 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry from paraffin sections.

Results: The therapy with RAAS blockers was not associated with increased ACE2, ACE, or ATGR1 expression in kidney allografts and also ACE2 protein immunohistochemistry did not reveal differences among groups.

Conclusions: ACEis or ARBs in kidney transplant recipients do not affect local ACE2 expression. This observation supports long-term RAAS treatment in kidney transplant recipients, despite acute complications such as COVID-19 where ACE2 serves as the entry protein for infection.

Keywords: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; COVID-19; Kidney; Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Allografts / drug effects*
  • Allografts / metabolism
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / analysis
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / genetics*
  • Antihypertensive Agents / pharmacology
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • COVID-19 / complications
  • COVID-19 / genetics
  • Female
  • Gene Expression / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Kidney / drug effects*
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Kidney Transplantation
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • RNA, Messenger / analysis
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • Renin-Angiotensin System / drug effects

Substances

  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • RNA, Messenger
  • ACE2 protein, human
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2