Genome Editing Using Cas9-gRNA Ribonucleoprotein in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for Disease Modeling

Methods Mol Biol. 2022:2549:409-425. doi: 10.1007/7651_2021_374.

Abstract

The discovery that the CRISPR/Cas9 system could be used for genome editing purposes represented a major breakthrough in the field. This advancement has notably facilitated the introduction or correction of disease-specific mutations in healthy or disease stem cell lines respectively; therefore, easing disease modeling studies in combination with differentiation protocols. For many years, variability in the genetic background of different stem cell lines has been a major burden to specifically identify phenotypes arising uniquely from the presence of the mutation and not from differences in other genomic regions.Here, we provide a complete protocol to introduce random indels in human wild type pluripotent stem cells using CRISPR/Cas9 in order to generate clonal lines with potential pathogenic alterations in any gene of interest. In this protocol, we use transfection of a ribonucleoprotein complex to diminish the risk of off-target effects, and select clonal lines with promising indels to obtain disease induced pluripotent stem cell lines.

Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9; Disease modeling; Genome editing; Human pluripotent stem cells.

MeSH terms

  • CRISPR-Cas Systems
  • Gene Editing / methods
  • Genome, Human
  • Humans
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells* / metabolism
  • Pluripotent Stem Cells* / metabolism
  • RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems / genetics
  • RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems / metabolism
  • Ribonucleoproteins / genetics
  • Ribonucleoproteins / metabolism

Substances

  • RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems
  • Ribonucleoproteins