Cardiothoracic imaging findings of Proteus syndrome

Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 22;11(1):6577. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86029-0.

Abstract

In this work, we sought to delineate the prevalence of cardiothoracic imaging findings of Proteus syndrome in a large cohort at our institution. Of 53 individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of Proteus syndrome at our institution from 10/2001 to 10/2019, 38 individuals (men, n = 23; average age = 24 years) underwent cardiothoracic imaging (routine chest CT, CT pulmonary angiography and/or cardiac MRI). All studies were retrospectively and independently reviewed by two fellowship-trained cardiothoracic readers. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Differences between variables were analyzed via parametric and nonparametric tests based on the normality of the distribution. The cardiothoracic findings of Proteus syndrome were diverse, but several were much more common and included: scoliosis from bony overgrowth (94%), pulmonary venous dilation (62%), band-like areas of lung scarring (56%), and hyperlucent lung parenchyma (50%). In addition, of 20 individuals who underwent cardiac MRI, 9/20 (45%) had intramyocardial fat, mostly involving the endocardial surface of the left ventricular septal wall. There was no statistically significant difference among the functional cardiac parameters between individuals with and without intramyocardial fat. Only one individual with intramyocardial fat had mildly decreased function (LVEF = 53%), while all others had normal ejection fraction.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Diagnostic Imaging* / methods
  • Female
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / genetics
  • Humans
  • Lung / abnormalities
  • Lung / diagnostic imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Mediastinum / abnormalities
  • Mediastinum / diagnostic imaging
  • Middle Aged
  • Proteus Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Thoracic Wall / abnormalities
  • Thoracic Wall / diagnostic imaging
  • Thorax / abnormalities*
  • Thorax / diagnostic imaging*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Young Adult