A homogeneous split-luciferase assay for rapid and sensitive detection of anti-SARS CoV-2 antibodies

Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 22;12(1):1806. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-22102-6.

Abstract

Better diagnostic tools are needed to combat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Here, to meet this urgent demand, we report a homogeneous immunoassay to detect IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. This serological assay, called SATiN, is based on a tri-part Nanoluciferase (tNLuc) approach, in which the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and protein G, fused respectively to two different tNLuc tags, are used as antibody probes. Target engagement of the probes allows reconstitution of a functional luciferase in the presence of the third tNLuc component. The assay is performed directly in the liquid phase of patient sera and enables rapid, quantitative and low-cost detection. We show that SATiN has a similar sensitivity to ELISA, and its readouts are consistent with various neutralizing antibody assays. This proof-of-principle study suggests potential applications in diagnostics, as well as disease and vaccination management.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / blood
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood*
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • COVID-19 / blood
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis*
  • COVID-19 / virology
  • COVID-19 Testing / methods*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Immunoassay / methods*
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Immunoglobulin M / blood
  • Luciferases / metabolism*
  • SARS-CoV-2 / immunology*
  • SARS-CoV-2 / isolation & purification*
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / immunology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin M
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
  • Luciferases