Nursing Care of Oncology Patients with Sepsis

Abstract

Objectives: This article aims to update nurses on the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of neutropenic sepsis and septic shock.

Data sources: A search of electronic databases, including PubMed and CINAHL, and e-books was performed, as was a search of clinically focused and point-of-care resources from the National Cancer Institute and UpToDate until December 2020.

Conclusion: Neutropenic sepsis and septic shock are oncological emergencies and can be fatal for patients undergoing anticancer treatment. Prompt and targeted treatment based on clinical signs is necessary to minimize further sequela, including morbidity and mortality.

Implications for nursing practice: The oncology nurse must possess an understanding of the risk factors, presenting signs, and initial management of a neutropenic fever, sepsis, and septic shock. Early identification and initiation of treatments in patients in sepsis and septic shock will allow the oncology nurse to intervene with speed, skill, and confidence while working within the multidisciplinary team to provide the best outcome based on current evidence.

Keywords: Cancer; Emergency; Neutropenia; Oncology; Sepsis; Septic; Septic Shock; Shock.