Risk factors associated with loss to follow-up of breast cancer patients: A retrospective analysis

Abstract

Background: Loss to follow-up (LTFU) during post-operative surveillance of breast cancer patients is detrimental. The pattern of LTFU and its risk factors in Chinese breast cancer patients remains unknown.

Method: Eligible non-metastatic breast cancer patients who underwent surgery at our institution between 2009 and 2012 were included. The clinicopathological features, as well as the LTFU status, were retrieved from the REDCap database. LTFU was defined as the absence of patients for at least 12 months since her last contact. 5-year LTFU was defined as the LTFU status of each patients at 5 years after surgery. The incidence and potential risk factors of LTFU were analyzed. A LTFU-risk score was developed to quantify the risk of LTFU.

Results: A total of 1536 patients with breast cancer were included, and 411(26.8%) patients were 5-year LTFU. 198 patients were LTFU in the first year. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that age (younger and older), a lack of medical insurance, longer distance from residence to the hospital, pathology (DCIS/Paget's/Phyllodes), lymph node metastasis, the absence of endocrine therapy and fewer than five contact numbers were significantly and independently associated with the risk of LTFU. A LTFU-risk score was developed and was predictive of LTFU.

Conclusions: A series of risk factors were significantly associated with post-operative LTFU of breast cancer patients. Patients with different risks of LTFU could possibly be identified, and surveillance plans could be individualized for different patients, so as to effectively reduce the overall LTFU rate, and optimize the allocation of medical resources.

Keywords: Breast cancer; Loss to follow-up; Risk score; Surveillance.