Variations in Orofacial Clefts

Abstract

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to report the prevalence and other relative risk factors of oral clefts among newborn infants.

Methods: In this study, we reviewed the data regarding 234 infants with cleft anomalies as collected in questionnaires from 2004 to 2019 and demographic parameters were assessed.

Results: Cleft lip and palate was the most common anomaly (66.7%), followed by isolated cleft palate (28.2%), isolated cleft lip (3.8%), and cleft lip and alveolus (1.3%). The study also showed that 54.3% of all cleft patients were boys and 45.7% were girls (with a rate of 1.18) and the difference between both sexes was significant (P-value = 0.010). In addition, cleft lip and palate was more common in males and isolated cleft palate was seen more in girls (P-value = 0.002, P-value = 0.001, respectively). The parents (56.4%) had consanguinity and 20% of them had a history of cleft in their family.

Conclusion: Cleft lip and palate in boys and cleft palate in girls was more common. Parents' consanguinity and history of cleft in their family are also important factors to consider. Further studies on cleft anomalies along with or without genetic factors are required.