Background: Primary Rosai-Dorfman disease of bone is a rare disorder. Radiologic and clinical evaluation is insufficient in differentiating malignancy from these lesions.
Methods: We present a talar lesion in a 17-month-old boy who presented with deterioration in gait pattern, limping, pain, and swelling of the left ankle of 4-months' duration. Curettage and demineralized bone matrix grafting were performed.
Results: At 1 year after surgery, complete clinical and radiological healing was obtained.
Conclusions: Primary RDD of bone may present a diagnostic challenge. The condition must be included in the differential diagnosis of lytic or lucent lesions of the skeleton. Curettage and grafting provide satisfactory outcomes in talar RDD lesion in the pediatric age group.