Novel Amphiphilic Dendronized Copolymers Formed by Enzyme-Mediated "Green" Polymerization

Biomacromolecules. 2021 Apr 12;22(4):1706-1720. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00124. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Abstract

This study reports the first enzyme-mediated polymerization of dendritic macromonomers. The enzyme substrates are prepared by "click" conjugation between tyrosine and hydrophilic triethylene glycol (TrEG)-based dendrons of three generations (G1, G2, and G3). The resulting enzyme-polymerizable dendrons are defect-free as revealed by mass spectrometry, size-exclusion chromatography, and spectroscopic techniques. The phenol-containing macromonomers are water soluble and their polymerizations into dendronized polymers (denpols) are catalyzed by laccase (an oxidoreductase) under benign conditions (45 °C and aqueous medium at pH = 4.0) with copolymer yields between 30 and 40%. The resulting denpols consist of unnatural poly(tyrosine) backbones and dendritic poly(ether-ester) side chains and have molecular masses up to ∼13 000 Da (generation 1), ∼20 000 Da (generation 2), and ∼36 000 Da (generation 3) determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) analyses. They display amphiphilic properties and self-assemble in aqueous solutions to form aggregates with generation-dependent morphologies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
  • Micelles*
  • Molecular Weight
  • Polymerization
  • Polymers*

Substances

  • Micelles
  • Polymers