Remodeling of Tumor Immune Microenvironment by Oncolytic Viruses

Bin Zhang; Xilei Wang; Ping Cheng

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.561372

Remodeling of Tumor Immune Microenvironment by Oncolytic Viruses

Front Oncol. 2021 Feb 19:10:561372. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.561372. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Bin Zhang¹, Xilei Wang¹, Ping Cheng¹

Affiliation

¹ State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Abstract

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are potential antitumor agents with unique therapeutic mechanisms. They possess the ability of direct oncolysis and the induction of antitumor immunity. OV can be genetically engineered to potentiate antitumor efficacy by remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment. The present mini review mainly describes the effect of OVs on remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment and explores the mechanism of regulation of the host immune system and the promotion of the immune cells to destroy carcinoma cells by OVs. Furthermore, this article focuses on the utilization of OVs as vectors for the delivery of immunomodulatory cytokines or antibodies.

Keywords: cytokines; immune cells; immune checkpoints; oncolytic virus; tumor immune microenvironment.

Publication types

Review