Objectives: Pregnant women in a special physiological period, the body's blood indicators will change to a certain extent. This study aims to explore the changes of serum immunoglobulin levels in healthy pregnant women and establish its reference interval (RI).
Methods: A total of 369 healthy pregnant women, who underwent pregnancy examination in the Department of Obstetrics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from August 2019 to October 2019, were enrolled for this study. They were divided into an early pregnancy group, a middle pregnancy group, and a late pregnancy group according to the pregnancy period, and 123 healthy non-pregnant women were selected as the controls. The levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) were determined by immune transmission turbidities. The level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) was determined by electrochemiluminescence. The differences in immunoglobulin levels between pregnant women and non-pregnant women and among different gestational periods were analyzed, and the RI of serum immunoglobulin level during pregnancy was established.
Results: Compared to the non-pregnant women, the levels of serum IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE in pregnant women were significantly decreased (all P<0.01), with 51.81% for IgG, 43.84% for IgM, 55.80% for IgA, and 49.80% for IgE. Except that the IgG level of late pregnancy group was significantly lower than that of early pregnancy group (P<0.05), there were no significant differences in the IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE levels among the other groups (all P>0.05). The RIs of serum IgG in early pregnancy, middle pregnancy, and late pregnancy were 6.02-7.70 g/L, 5.18-6.85 g/L, and 4.58-5.72 g/L, respectively, while the RIs of serum IgM, IgA, and IgE were 0.71-0.93 g/L, 0.90-1.09 g/L, and 68.30-107.69 ng/mL, respectively in pregnant women.
Conclusions: The levels of immunoglobulin in pregnant women are decreased significantly. The establishment of RIs of IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE in healthy pregnant women could provide scientific basis for clinical decision-making.
目的: 妊娠妇女处于一个特殊的生理时期，机体内的各项血液指标都会发生一定程度的改变，本研究旨在探讨健康妊娠妇女血清免疫球蛋白水平的变化，并建立其参考区间。方法: 选择2019年8月至2019年10月在中南大学湘雅二医院产科进行孕期检查的369例健康妊娠妇女，按照孕周将其分为早孕组、中孕组和晚孕组，并选取123例健康非孕期妇女作为对照组。利用免疫比浊法测定血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)的含量，利用化学发光法测定血清免疫球蛋白E(IgE)的水平。比较妊娠妇女和非孕期妇女以及各孕期之间免疫球蛋白水平的差异，并建立相应的参考区间。结果: 相比健康非孕期妇女，健康妊娠妇女的血清免疫球蛋白水平均有明显的降低(均P<0.01)，IgG、IgM、IgA及IgE分别下降51.81%、43.84%、55.80%及49.80%。比较早孕、中孕、晚孕各组之间血清IgG、IgM、IgA和IgE水平的变化，除IgG在晚孕和早孕之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外，其余各类免疫球蛋白两组之间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。妊娠早期、中期及晚期血清IgG的参考区间分别为6.02~7.70 g/L、5.18~6.85 g/L及4.58~5.72 g/L，而在孕期血清IgM、IgA及IgE的参考区间分别为0.71~0.93 g/L、0.90~1.09 g/L及68.30~107.69 ng/mL。结论: 妊娠妇女的免疫球蛋白水平显著降低，本研究建立了健康妊娠妇女血清IgG、IgM、IgA及IgE水平95%的参考区间，可为临床决策提供科学依据。.
目的: 妊娠妇女处于一个特殊的生理时期，机体内的各项血液指标都会发生一定程度的改变，本研究旨在探讨健康妊娠妇女血清免疫球蛋白水平的变化，并建立其参考区间。
方法: 选择2019年8月至2019年10月在中南大学湘雅二医院产科进行孕期检查的369例健康妊娠妇女，按照孕周将其分为早孕组、中孕组和晚孕组，并选取123例健康非孕期妇女作为对照组。利用免疫比浊法测定血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)的含量，利用化学发光法测定血清免疫球蛋白E(IgE)的水平。比较妊娠妇女和非孕期妇女以及各孕期之间免疫球蛋白水平的差异，并建立相应的参考区间。
结果: 相比健康非孕期妇女，健康妊娠妇女的血清免疫球蛋白水平均有明显的降低(均P<0.01)，IgG、IgM、IgA及IgE分别下降51.81%、43.84%、55.80%及49.80%。比较早孕、中孕、晚孕各组之间血清IgG、IgM、IgA和IgE水平的变化，除IgG在晚孕和早孕之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外，其余各类免疫球蛋白两组之间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。妊娠早期、中期及晚期血清IgG的参考区间分别为6.02~7.70 g/L、5.18~6.85 g/L及4.58~5.72 g/L，而在孕期血清IgM、IgA及IgE的参考区间分别为0.71~0.93 g/L、0.90~1.09 g/L及68.30~107.69 ng/mL。
结论: 妊娠妇女的免疫球蛋白水平显著降低，本研究建立了健康妊娠妇女血清IgG、IgM、IgA及IgE水平95%的参考区间，可为临床决策提供科学依据。
Keywords: immunoglobulin A; immunoglobulin E; immunoglobulin G; immunoglobulin M; pregnant women; reference interval.