Online Versus Telephone Registration: Differences in Quitline Participant Characteristics

Abstract

Introduction: Although 72% of Internet users have searched for health information, online quitline registration is not universally available. In 2014, QUITPLAN Services (Minnesota's quitline) added options (Individual Services: 2-week nicotine-replacement therapy starter kit, text messaging, e-mail messaging, quit guide) to the existing Helpline (telephone counseling, nicotine-replacement therapy, integrated e-mails and texts, quit guide) and online registration for all programs. Demographic and quit outcome differences by registration mode (online versus telephone) and program type (Individual Services versus Helpline) were examined.

Methods: A total of 4 years (March 2014-February 2018) of participants' registration and utilization data (N=55,817) were examined. Data were also studied from subsets of participants who completed the outcome evaluations conducted in 2014 (n=1,127) and 2017 (n=872). Select demographic and program use characteristics and quit outcomes were analyzed by registration method and stratified by program type. Associations between registration mode and quit outcomes were examined within program and adjusted for available covariates using 2017 outcome study data. Data were analyzed in 2019.

Results: Overall, 65.8% of participants enrolled online, and 34.2% enrolled by telephone. Helpline participants were more likely to enroll by telephone than Individual Services participants (85.8% vs 25.3%). Younger adults were more likely to enroll online for either program type than older adults (p<0.001). No differences were found in 30-day point prevalence abstinence by registration mode within program after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusions: Online quitline registration has multiple benefits, including engaging younger tobacco users. Moreover, abstinence rates do not differ. Online registration may be particularly appropriate for nontelephone quitline services. Quitlines may wish to add online registration to capitalize on Internet use.