Objective: To investigate the distribution and changing trend of canine echinococcosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control of canine echinococcosis in high-risk areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Methods: All data pertaining to Echinococcus infections in canine feces and sampling survey of human echinococcosis were collected from the echinococcosis-endemic foci of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2018, and the prevalence of Echinococcus infections was investigated in dogs and humans. In addition, the spatial distribution characteristics and clusters of canine echinococcoses were identified.
Results: A total of 164 139 canine fecal samples were detected in the echinococcosis-endemic foci of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2018, and there were 2 136 fecal samples positive for Echinococcus coproantigens. The positive rates of Echinococcus coproantigens were 0.54% to 1.73% in dogs from 2012 to 2018, with a tendency towards a decline seen in the prevalence of Echinococcus infections in dogs (χ2 = 108.83, P < 0.01), and there was a significant difference in the positive rate of Echinococcus coproantigens in dogs among years (χ2 = 155.27, P < 0.01). Three-dimensional trend analysis showed that canine echinococcosis was mainly concentrated in east of central Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and a high prevalence was detected in New Barag Right Banner and Sonid Right Banner. The global spatial distribution of canine echinococcosis appeared a random pattern in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2018 (Moran's I > 0, P > 0.05), and there were "high-high" and "high-low" clusters of canine echinococcosis in local areas. The prevalence of human echinococcosis was 0.08%, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence among regions (χ2 = 147.61, P < 0.01), with a high prevalence seen in West Ujimqin Banner, Jarud Banner and New Barag Right Banner. In addition, the prevalence of human echinococcosis correlated positively with the Echinococcus coproantigen-positive rate in dogs (r = 0.52, P < 0.01).
Conclusions: The prevalence of Echinococcus infections shows an overall tendency towards a decline in dogs in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2012 to 2018, with a high prevalence found in New Barag Right Banner and Sonid Right Banner. Human echinococcosis is concentrated in clusters of canine echinococcosis, where health education and targeted control interventions requires to be intensified.
［摘要］ 目的 了解 2012—2018 年内蒙古自治区犬棘球绦虫感染分布规律及变化趋势, 为重点地区棘球蚴病防控提供 参考依据。方法 收集 2012—2018 年内蒙古自治区棘球蚴病流行区犬粪棘球绦虫感染数据和人群棘球蚴病抽样调查 数据, 对犬棘球绦虫感染率及人群棘球蚴病患病率进行分析; 采用空间自相关分析方法对犬棘球绦虫感染空间分布特征 及聚集性进行分析。结果 2012—2018 年, 内蒙古自治区棘球蚴病流行区共检测犬粪 164 139 份, 其中犬棘球绦虫粪抗 原阳性 2 136 份, 逐年犬棘球绦虫粪抗原阳性率为 0.54% ~ 1.73%, 且呈下降趋势 (χ2 = 108.83, P < 0.01), 各年间差异有统 计学意义 (χ2 = 155.27, P < 0.01) 。三维趋势图显示, 犬棘球绦虫感染主要集中在内蒙古自治区中部偏东区域, 感染率较 高区域为新巴尔虎右旗和苏尼特右旗。2012—2018 年内蒙古自治区犬棘球绦虫感染全局空间分布关系属于随机模式 (Moran’s I > 0, P > 0.05), 局部区域存在“高-高”和 “高-低” 2 种聚集形式。2012—2018 年, 内蒙古自治区人群棘球蚴病患 病率为 0.08%, 各旗 (县、市、区) 人群棘球蚴病患病率差异有统计学意义 (χ2 = 147.61, P < 0.01), 患病率较高的地区主要 集中在西乌珠穆沁旗、扎鲁特旗和新巴尔虎右旗。人群棘球蚴病患病率与犬棘球绦虫粪抗原阳性率呈正相关 (r = 0.52, P < 0.01) 。结论 2012—2018 年内蒙古自治区犬棘球绦虫感染率总体呈下降趋势, 感染率较高地区主要集中在新巴尔 虎右旗及苏尼特右旗。犬棘球绦虫感染集中的地区人群棘球蚴病患病率亦较高, 今后应加强该类地区棘球蚴病健康教 育并落实有针对性的防控措施。.
Keywords: Canine echinococcosis; Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; Space distribution.