Recent advances in the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection: the ever-changing guidelines

Shruti Khurana; Alyssa Kahl; Kevin Yu; Andrew W DuPont

doi:10.12703/b/9-13

Recent advances in the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection: the ever-changing guidelines

Fac Rev. 2020 Nov 18:9:13. doi: 10.12703/b/9-13. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Shruti Khurana¹, Alyssa Kahl², Kevin Yu³, Andrew W DuPont⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
² Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
³ Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
⁴ Associate Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

PMID: 33659945
PMCID: PMC7886080
DOI: 10.12703/b/9-13

Abstract

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), formerly known as Clostridium difficile, continues to be the most common healthcare-associated infection worldwide. With the shifting epidemiology towards higher a incidence of community-acquired CDI and the continued burden on the healthcare system posed by high rates of CDI recurrence, there has been an impetus to advance the diagnostic testing and treatment strategies. Recent advancements over the past decade have led to rapidly changing guidelines issued by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. With our comprehensive review, we aim to summarize the latest advances in diagnosing and treating CDI and thus attempt to help readers guide best practices for patient care. This article also focusses on cost-effectiveness of various therapies currently available on the market and provides an analysis of the current evidence on a relatively new monoclonal antibody therapy, Bezlotoxumab, to treat recurrent CDI.

Keywords: CDI; Clostridium Difficile Infection; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; IDSA.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

The authors declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work.