Toxicity and bioaccumulation of manganese and chromium in different organs of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fish

Zeeshan Ali; Ali Muhammad Yousafzai; Nadia Sher; Ijaz Muhammad; Gul E Nayab; Syed Abdul Maajid Aqeel; Syed Touheed Shah; Michael Aschner; Ijaz Khan; Haroon Khan

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.02.003

Toxicity and bioaccumulation of manganese and chromium in different organs of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fish

Toxicol Rep. 2021 Feb 6:8:343-348. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.02.003. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Zoology, Islamia College University Peshawar, Pakistan.
² Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Pakistan.
³ Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
⁴ Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Forchheimer, 209 1300 Morris Park Avenue Bronx, NY, 10461, United States.
⁵ Department of Microbiology, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan.
⁶ Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.

Abstract

The present research work was carried out to determine the bioaccumulation of manganese and chromium in the gills, intestine, muscles, skin and bones, as well as its acute toxicity and effects on hematological and biochemical parameters in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Adult carps were exposed for 96 h to manganese sulphate and chromium chloride solution, a sub lethal concentration was used in the experiment. Bioaccumulation was highest in the gills followed by intestine > muscles > skin > bones. The concentration of hematocrit (HCT) (37.3 ± 0.36), hemoglobin (HGB) (9.0 ± 0.04), Red Blood Cells (RBCs) (3.7 ± 0.025), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (121.2 ± 0.36), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (41.3 ± 0.3) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (41.06 ± 0.072) was significantly higher at 96 h (P < 0.01) after exposure to manganese and chromium, while the concentration of platelets (PLT) (16.8 ± 0.12) and white blood cells (WBCs) (62.7 ± 0.11) was lower at 96 h of exposure. Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (40.6 ± 0.4), Blood Urea (13 ± 0.1), serum triglycerides (231.21 ± 0.04), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (39 ± 0.07), serum Alkaline PO₄ (242 ± 0.2), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (1239 ± 13.21), and serum Uric Acid (4.81 ± 0.33) were significantly higher (P < 0.01) at 96 h of exposure. The highest concentration of serum cholesterol (339 ± 0.09), serum reatinine (0.9 ± 0.01), low density lipid (240 ± 0.2) was observed at 24 h. Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) (19 ± 0.13), and serum albumin were at the highest level at 72 h (3.19 ± 0.07) (P < 0.01) post exposure.

Keywords: Bioaccumulation; Chromium; Cyprinus carpio; HCT, Hematocrit; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; HGB, Hemoglobin; Heavy metal; LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase; MCH, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, Mean corpuscular volume; Manganese; PLT, Platelets; RBCs, Red Blood Cells; SGOT, Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase; SGPT, Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase; WBCs, White blood cells.