Antihyperglycemic activity of crude extract and isolation of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity from Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves grown in Southern Brazil

Tatiane Luiza C Oldoni; Nathalie Merlin; Thariane Carvalho Bicas; Anaclara Prasniewski; Solange Teresinha Carpes; Jociani Ascari; Severino Matias de Alencar; Adna Prado Massarioli; Margarete Dulce Bagatini; Rafael Morales; Gustavo Thomé

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110082

Antihyperglycemic activity of crude extract and isolation of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity from Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves grown in Southern Brazil

Food Res Int. 2021 Mar:141:110082. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110082. Epub 2020 Dec 29.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Pato Branco, PR 85503-390, Brazil. Electronic address: tatianeoldoni@utfpr.edu.br.
² Department of Chemistry, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Pato Branco, PR 85503-390, Brazil.
³ Department of Biology, Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Santa Helena, PR 85892-000, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Agri-Food Industry, Food and Nutrition, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo (USP), P.O. Box. 9, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
⁵ Coordenação Acadêmica, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
⁶ Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina (Epagri), 88318-112 Itajaí, SC, Brazil.

PMID: 33641964
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110082

Abstract

The antihyperglicemic activity of crude extract from Moringa oleifera leaves and isolation of phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity using bioguided assay were employed by the first time in leaves cultivated in Brazil. The hydroalcoholic extract (HE) was produced by using ethanol:water (80:20 v/v) and purified by solid-liquid procedure using solvents in ascending order of polarity. The ethyl acetate fraction (Fr-EtOAc) presented high antioxidant potential and it was purified using chromatographic techniques rendering isolated compounds that were identified from the spectral data. The HE extract (500 mg kg^-1) was adimistrated in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin and chemical markers and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney were evaluated. The Fr-EtOAc showed high antioxidant potential by FRAP reduction method (1678 µmol Fe²⁺ g^-1), DPPH and ABTS scavenging methods (526.7 and 671.5 µmol TEAC g^-1 respectively) and ORAC assay (3560.6 µmol TEAC g^-1). Therefore, the Fr-EtOAc was purified and yielded three bioactive subfractions (S-12, S-13 abd S-15) that were rechromatoghaphed in HPLC-SemiPrep. After that, two main bioactive glycosylated flavonoids (isoquercitrin and astragalin) and phenolic acid (3-O-caffeoylquinic acid) were obtained. Additionally, the HE extract provided protection against oxidative damage in liver and kidney of diabetic rats ameliorating endogenous antioxidant defenses by increase catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and non-protein thiol groups (NPSH) levels as well as decreased the lipid peroxidation in these tissues. Our results indicate that three phenolic compounds with high antioxidant activity were isolated and, the chemical composition of HE crude extract, rich in flavonoids glycosylated could be intimately related to antihyperglycemic action. So, it is possible to suggest that these compounds may be used as chemical biomarkers for this plant in Brazil, ensuring quality and supporting the use of aerial parts in tradicional medicine.

Keywords: Antihyperglycemic; Antioxidant; Flavonoids; Phenolic acids; Phytochemistry; Traditional medicine Southern America.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Antioxidants / pharmacology
Brazil
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental* / drug therapy
Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology
Moringa oleifera*
Plant Extracts / pharmacology
Plant Leaves
Rats

Substances

Antioxidants
Hypoglycemic Agents
Plant Extracts