Chemical composition, extraction sources and action mechanisms of essential oils: Natural preservative and limitations of use in meat products

Meat Sci. 2021 Jun:176:108463. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108463. Epub 2021 Feb 11.

Abstract

The antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EO) is associated with the presence of secondary metabolites synthesized by plants. Its mechanism of action involves the interaction of its hydrophobic components with the lipids present in the cell membrane of microorganism, resulting in metabolic damages and cell death. Spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms are contaminants in meat and meat products with considerable impacts on food quality and safety. Research shows the potential of applying essential oils in the preservation of meat food systems as compounds of low toxicity, extracted from a natural source, and as an alternative to consumer demand for healthy foods with a more natural appeal. In addition, there is a great diversity of plants from which essential oils can be extracted, whose antimicrobial activity in vitro and in meat and meat products has been proven.

Keywords: Animal protein; Antimicrobial activity; Essential oil; Foodborne pathogens; Natural compounds; Preservation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Infective Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Bacteria / drug effects
  • Cell Membrane / drug effects
  • Food Microbiology
  • Food Preservatives / chemistry
  • Food Preservatives / pharmacology*
  • Meat Products / microbiology*
  • Oils, Volatile / chemistry
  • Oils, Volatile / pharmacology*
  • Plant Oils / chemistry
  • Plant Oils / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Food Preservatives
  • Oils, Volatile
  • Plant Oils