Primary observation of the role of posttranslational modification of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) on postnatal development of mandibular condyle in mice

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to observe the posttranslational role of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) on postnatal development of mandibular condyle in mice.

Methods: To explore the function of full-length DSPP, four groups of mice were employed: (1) wild type (WT) mice; (2)Dspp knockout (Dspp KO) mice; (3) mice expressing the normal DSPP transgene in the Dspp KO background (Dspp KO/normal Tg); (4) mice expressing the uncleavable full-length DSPP in the Dspp KO background (Dspp KO/D452A Tg). Firstly, Plain X-ray Radiography and Micro-computed Tomography were used to observe the condylar morphology changes of Dspp KO/D452A Tg mice in comparison with the other three groups. Then, Hematoxylin & eosin and toluidine blue staining were applied to uncover the histological changes of mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) of Dspp KO/D452A Tg mice. To explore the function of the NH2-terminal fragments (i.e. DSP/DSP-PG), three groups of mice were employed: (1) WT mice; (2) Dspp KO mice; (3) mice expressing the NH2-terminal fragments of DSPP in the Dspp-null background (Dspp KO/DSP Tg). The former strategies were utilized to examine the differences of condylar morphology and histological structures changes within three groups of mice.

Results: Transgenic full-length DSPP partially maintained mandibular condylar morphology and MCC thickness of Dspp KO mice. Transgenic DSP failed to do so, but led to smaller mandibular condyle and disordered cartilage structure.

Conclusions: Our observations provide insight into the role of posttranslational modification of DSPP in the postnatal development of healthy MCC and maintenance of condylar morphology.

Keywords: Condylar morphology; Dentin sialophosphoprotein; Mandibular condylar cartilage; Posttranslational modification; Proteolytic processing.