Objective: To investigate the changes of metabolites of teenage football players after exercise-induced fatigue. Methods: Twelve male teenage football players (14～16 yrs) were selected as experimental subjects in this study. And an exercise model including aerobic and anaerobic exercise as one group exercise was established by using power bicycle: completion 6 min 150 W load, 60～65 r/min of riding exercise and 30 s of riding exercise which load was the maximum speed set by the tester's weight. The rest took 1 min in the middle of one group exercise, and repeat 3 times of one group exercise, then rest for 3 min after one group exercise. The maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and average anaerobic power were measured after each group exercise. Their urine samples were collected before and after the whole exercise model, and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was used to detect the differential metabolites. Results: The teenage football players had a significant decrease in anaerobic capacity after fatigue. Compared with pre-exercise, a total of 25 differential metabolites were screened out, of which 3 metabolites were significantly higher and 22 metabolites were markedly lower. The related metabolic pathways of above differential metabolites were classified as glycine-serine-threonine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, tyrosine metabolism, nitrogen metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism, respectively. Conclusion: After exercise-induced fatigue occurs in teenage football players, the body's metabolites: sarcosine, L-allothreonine, creatine, serine, succinic acid, citric acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, hydroxylamine, and ethanolamine produce significant changes. The above-mentioned differential metabolites can be used as indicators for teenage football players' exercise-induced fatigue evaluation.
目的: 探索少年足球运动员在运动性疲劳后的差异代谢物变化。方法: 以12名男性少年足球运动员(14～16岁)为试验对象,用功率自行车建立包含有氧运动和无氧运动的训练模型:完成6 min 150 W负荷、60～65 r/min的踏骑运动和30 s的负荷按照测试者体重而设定的最大速度踏骑运动,中间休息1 min,重复运动3组,组间休息3 min;测定运动员每组运动后的最大摄氧量值和平均无氧功率值,采集运动训练前后的尿液样本,利用气相-质谱联用(GC-MS)法检测尿液样本,通过数据库筛选潜在的差异代谢物。结果: 与运动前相比较,少年足球运动员运动疲劳后的平均无氧功率显著下降(P＜0.05),筛选出25个差异代谢物,其中3个代谢物显著升高(P＜0.05,0.01),22个代谢物显著降低(P＜0.05,0.01);上述差异代谢物的相关代谢通路归属为甘氨酸-丝氨酸-苏氨酸代谢、三羧酸循环、酪氨酸代谢、氮代谢和甘油磷酯代谢通路。结论: 少年足球运动员发生运动性疲劳后,机体的代谢物:肌氨酸、L-别苏氨酸、肌酸、丝氨酸、琥珀酸、柠檬酸、4-羟基苯乙酸、羟胺和乙醇胺产生明显的变化,上述差异代谢物可作为少年足球运动员疲劳评价的指标。.
Keywords: exercise fatigue; football players; metabolic pathway; metabolomics; teenages; urine.