Inhibition of immune checkpoints is at the forefront of immunotherapy for lung cancer. However, a high percentage of lung cancer patients do not respond to these immunotherpy or their responses are transient, indicating the existence of immune resistance. Emerging evidence suggested that the interactions between cancer cells and immune system were continuous and dynamic. Here, we review how a range of cancer-cell-autonomous characteristics, tumor-microenvironment factors, and host-related influences account for heterogenous responses. Furthermore, with the identification of new targets of immunotherapy and development of immune-based combination therapy, we elucidate the methods might useful to overcome resistance.
【中文题目：肺癌免疫治疗耐药机制及应对策略】 【中文摘要：近年来，免疫治疗在肺癌领域取得了令人瞩目的突破，为肺癌患者带来长久的生存获益。但是随着临床应用的逐渐广泛，在一线接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的患者中，约30%-50%表现为短暂获益或不获益，提示免疫耐药的存在。目前研究表明免疫耐药是一个综合的、动态的过程，其机制受到肿瘤细胞、免疫微环境及宿主本身等多方面的影响。随着免疫耐药机制的深入研究、免疫治疗新靶点的发现及免疫联合治疗的发展，免疫耐药后的治疗策略成为当今时代下的重要思考方向。本文将着重探讨以上问题，希望为筛选优势人群、扩大受益群体提供线索和思路。 】 【中文关键词：免疫检查点抑制剂；肺肿瘤；耐药机制；应对策略】.
Keywords: Immune checkpoint blockade; Lung neoplasms; Resistance mechanism; Response strategy.