Objective: To review the research progress of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in skin scar prevention and treatment.
Methods: The related literature was extensively reviewed and analyzed. The recent in vitroand in vivo experiments and clinical studies on the role of ADSCs in skin scar prevention and treatment, and the possible mechanisms and biomaterials to optimize the effect of ADSCs were summarized.
Results: As demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical studies, ADSCs participate in the whole process of skin wound healing and may prevent and treat skin scars by reducing inflammation, promoting angiogenesis, or inhibiting (muscle) fibroblasts activity to reduce collagen deposition through the p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ, transforming growth factor β 1/Smads pathways. Moreover, bioengineered materials such as hydrogel from acellular porcine adipose tissue, porcine small-intestine submucosa, and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) scaffold may further enhance the efficacy of ADSCs in preventing and treating skin scars.
Conclusion: Remarkable progress has been made in the application of ADSCs in skin scar prevention and treatment. While, further studies are still needed to explore the application methods of ADSCs in the clinic.
目的: 综述脂肪来源干细胞（adipose-derived stem cells，ADSCs）在皮肤瘢痕防治领域的研究进展。.
方法: 广泛查阅相关文献，对 ADSCs 预防、治疗皮肤瘢痕形成的体外实验、动物实验及临床研究效果、可能机制以及优化 ADSCs 效果的生物材料进行综述。.
结果: 体外、体内实验及临床研究提示 ADSCs 参与皮肤创伤愈合全过程，可能通过减轻炎症反应、促进血管新生，调控 p38/MAPK、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ 或 TGF-β 1/Smads 等通路抑制（肌）成纤维细胞活性，减少胶原沉积，从而预防、治疗皮肤瘢痕。生物工程材料，如猪脂肪源基质水凝胶、猪小肠黏膜下层细胞外基质以及人工合成的聚羟基丁酸酯-羟基戊酸盐支架，均有可能进一步提高 ADSCs 防治皮肤瘢痕形成的效能。.
结论: ADSCs 在皮肤瘢痕防治研究中取得了显著进展，但临床应用途径仍待进一步研究。.
Keywords: Adipose-derived stem cells; prevent; research progress; skin scar; treatment.