Patient-reported outcomes and complication rates after lateral maxillary sinus floor elevation: a prospective study

Carlo Rengo; Antonino Fiorino; Alessandro Cucchi; Antonio Nappo; Emanuele Randellini; Paolo Calamai; Marco Ferrari

doi:10.1007/s00784-020-03755-x

Patient-reported outcomes and complication rates after lateral maxillary sinus floor elevation: a prospective study

Clin Oral Investig. 2021 Jul;25(7):4431-4444. doi: 10.1007/s00784-020-03755-x. Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Authors

Carlo Rengo¹, Antonino Fiorino², Alessandro Cucchi³, Antonio Nappo⁴, Emanuele Randellini⁵, Paolo Calamai⁶, Marco Ferrari⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 53100, Siena, Italy. carlorengo@alice.it.
² Dentistry Unit, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
³ Private Practice, Bologna, Italy.
⁴ Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, University of Siena, Viale Bracci, 53100, Siena, Italy.
⁵ Private Practice, Fucecchio, Italy.
⁶ Private Practice, Florence, Italy.

Abstract

Objectives: Oral surgery morbidity is highly variable based on patients' characteristics and kind of surgical intervention. However, poor data are available in the literature regarding patient outcomes after oral surgery. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate patient-reported outcome and complication rates after maxillary sinus floor elevation.

Materials and methods: Data from the records of patients undergoing maxillary sinus elevation have been collected from a private dental office. Patient-reported outcome has been assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale to evaluate the post-operative pain (VAS_pain) experienced in the first week following surgery and visual rating scales to evaluate discomfort level (VRS_discomfort: 0 to 4) and willingness to repeat the same surgical procedure (VRS_willingness: 0 to 3). Analgesics intake, swelling onset and duration, and ecchymosis have been also recorded.

Results: VAS_pain showed moderate values in the first 2 days (< 50) post-surgery, with a tendency to progressively decrease over the next 2 days. Average assumption of painkillers was 3.93 ± 3.03. Discomfort level (VRS_discomfort) after surgery was low (median: 1; IR: 1-0), while willingness to undergo the same surgical procedure was very high (77.63% of patients). Swelling and ecchymosis were experienced by 97.36% and 51.32% of patients, respectively, with a mean duration of 4.09 ± 1.43 and 2.21 ± 2.31 days, respectively. Membrane perforation occurred in 4 cases. Other post-operative complications were not observed.

Conclusions: Maxillary sinus grafting is a safe procedure, with a low complication rate and moderate morbidity that is well tolerated by patients. Particular attention is needed in case selection, surgical planning and operator expertise.

Clinical relevance: The analysis of patient-reported outcomes can be of great help in surgical planning and in providing correct and adequate treatment.

Keywords: Complications; Maxillary sinus floor augmentation; Pain; Patient-reported outcomes.

MeSH terms

Dental Implantation, Endosseous
Humans
Maxillary Sinus* / surgery
Patient Reported Outcome Measures
Prospective Studies
Retrospective Studies
Sinus Floor Augmentation* / adverse effects