Recent treatment advances have improved outcomes for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), often utilizing tumor molecular characterization to identify targetable mutations. This is further enhanced by advancements in "liquid biopsies", using peripheral blood for noninvasive, serial sampling of tumor biology. While tumor genomic alterations have established therapeutic implications in metastatic NSCLC, research is also ongoing to develop applications for tissue and liquid biomarkers in earlier stage disease, such as patients treated with radiation for early stage or locoregional NSCLC.
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