Quinazolinone-dihydropyrano[3,2-b]pyran hybrids as new α-glucosidase inhibitors: Design, synthesis, enzymatic inhibition, docking study and prediction of pharmacokinetic

Abstract

A series of new quinazolinone-dihydropyrano[3,2-b]pyran derivatives 10A-L were synthesized by simple chemical reactions and were investigated for inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. New synthesized compounds showed high α-glucosidase inhibition effects in comparison to the standard drug acarbose and were inactive against α-amylase. Among them, the most potent compound was compound 10L (IC₅₀ value = 40.1 ± 0.6 µM) with inhibitory activity around 18.75-fold more than acarboase (IC₅₀ value = 750.0 ± 12.5 µM). This compound was a competitive inhibitor into α-glucosidase. Our obtained experimental results were confirmed by docking studies. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the most potent compounds 10L, 10G, and 10N against normal fibroblast cells and in silico druglikeness, ADME, and toxicity prediction of these compounds were also evaluated.

Keywords: Docking study; Pharmacokinetic prediction; Quinazolinone-dihydropyrano[3,2-b]pyran hybrids; Type 2 diabetes; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase.