Effect of platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasma on 3D bone-to-implant contact: a preclinical micro-CT study

Dandan Song; Sohaib Shujaat; Yan Huang; Jeroen Van Dessel; Constantinus Politis; Ivo Lambrichts; Reinhilde Jacobs

doi:10.1186/s40729-021-00291-5

Effect of platelet-rich and platelet-poor plasma on 3D bone-to-implant contact: a preclinical micro-CT study

Int J Implant Dent. 2021 Feb 18;7(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s40729-021-00291-5.

Authors

Dandan Song^{1

2}, Sohaib Shujaat^{3

4}, Yan Huang^{3

4

5}, Jeroen Van Dessel^{3

4}, Constantinus Politis^{3

4}, Ivo Lambrichts⁶, Reinhilde Jacobs^{3

4

7}

Affiliations

¹ OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. dandansong9015@gmail.com.
² Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. dandansong9015@gmail.com.
³ OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
⁴ Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
⁵ West China College of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁶ Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
⁷ Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Abstract

Background: Bone-to-implant contact ratio (BIC%) plays a critical role in secondary stability of osseointegrated dental implants. The aim of this study was to identify the correlation of 2D/3D micro-CT images with histology as a gold standard for evaluating BIC% and to investigate the influence of the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) on 3D BIC% following delayed implant placement with delayed loading (DIP+DL).

Methods: Nine beagle dogs were recruited. Following bilateral extraction of mandibular 3rd premolar, 4th premolar, and 1st molar, 54 screw-type titanium implants were inserted and randomly divided into one control and two test groups based on a split-mouth design. The control group involved DIP+DL (n = 18) and both test groups included DIP+DL with local application of PRP (n = 18) and PPP (n = 18). A BIC analysis was performed utilizing 2D histomorphometry and 2D/3D micro-CT. Following identification of correlation between histology and 2D/3D micro-CT images, a 3D micro-CT assessment of the 3D BIC% at three follow-up time-points (1, 3, and 6 months) was carried out for observing the influence of PRP and PPP on BIC.

Results: The 2D micro-CT BIC% values revealed a strong positive correlation with histology (r = 0.98, p < 0.001) and a moderate correlation existed with 3D micro-CT (r = 0. 67, p = 0.005). BIC levels at 1 month and combined influence of PPP and PRP irrespective of time-points revealed significantly higher 3D BIC% compared to the control. However, a reduction in 3D BIC% was observed at the 3rd and 6th month. No significant difference was observed between both PRP and PPP.

Conclusions: Both 2D and 3D micro-CT demonstrated a potential to be utilized as a complimentary method for assessing BIC compared to the histological gold standard. Overall, both PRP and PPP significantly facilitated bone healing and osseointegration with a higher 3D BIC at follow-up. However, their influence was reduced as the observation period was increased.

Keywords: Bone-implant interface; Dental implants; Osseointegration; Platelet-rich plasma; X-ray micro-CT.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Bone Screws
Bone and Bones
Dogs
Osseointegration*
Platelet-Rich Plasma*
X-Ray Microtomography