EGCG binds intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain of p53 and disrupts p53-MDM2 interaction

Nat Commun. 2021 Feb 12;12(1):986. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21258-5.

Abstract

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea can induce apoptosis in cancerous cells, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using SPR and NMR, here we report a direct, μM interaction between EGCG and the tumor suppressor p53 (KD = 1.6 ± 1.4 μM), with the disordered N-terminal domain (NTD) identified as the major binding site (KD = 4 ± 2 μM). Large scale atomistic simulations (>100 μs), SAXS and AUC demonstrate that EGCG-NTD interaction is dynamic and EGCG causes the emergence of a subpopulation of compact bound conformations. The EGCG-p53 interaction disrupts p53 interaction with its regulatory E3 ligase MDM2 and inhibits ubiquitination of p53 by MDM2 in an in vitro ubiquitination assay, likely stabilizing p53 for anti-tumor activity. Our work provides insights into the mechanisms for EGCG's anticancer activity and identifies p53 NTD as a target for cancer drug discovery through dynamic interactions with small molecules.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Binding Sites
  • Catechin / analogs & derivatives*
  • Catechin / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Epitopes
  • Humans
  • Protein Binding
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / chemistry*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / metabolism
  • Scattering, Small Angle
  • Tea
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / chemistry*
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / metabolism
  • Ubiquitination
  • X-Ray Diffraction

Substances

  • Epitopes
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tea
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Catechin
  • epigallocatechin gallate
  • MDM2 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases