Analysis of alveolar ridge width in an area of central lower incisor using cone-beam computed tomography in vivo

Abstract

Background: Planning a comprehensive dental treatment should include assessment and classification of the condition of the alveolar ridge. Existing classifications are insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of bone deficiencies in the anterior mandible and to develop an extension of one of the alveolar bone dehiscence classification.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography scans of 100 adults with the mean age of 36.75 ± 11.77 years were analyzed. Measurements were taken from the 31. tooth.

Results: The presence of any bone defect was found in 91 (91%) of cases. Fenestrations were detected in 9% of study images, and dehiscence were detected in 90% of study images. A thin alveolar plate of below 0.2 mm independent from the side was found in 37 (37%) of cases. The mean height of buccal fenestration was 3.10 ± 1.09 mm, and the mean height of lingual fenestration was 2.73 ± 0.91 mm. The mean height of buccal dehiscence was 4.39 ± 1.82 mm, and the mean height of lingual dehiscence was 4.27 ± 2.49 mm.

Conclusions: An attempt to restore the correct morphology of the alveolar process after improper treatment constitutes a therapeutic challenge. The frequent occurrence of bone deficiency prompts establishing safe treatment planning strategies, including careful assessment of the alveolar process supported by the comprehensive classification of bone defects.

Keywords: Alveolar process; Bone resorption; Classification; Dehiscence; Fenestration; Gingivo-dentoalveolar complex; Orthodontic treatment.