Tangerine mediated synthesis of zirconia as potential protective dental coatings

Ifra Sanaullah; Mahwish Bashir; Tanzeela Batool; Saira Riaz; Daoud Ali; Anjum N Sabri; Shahzad Naseem

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2020.111653

Tangerine mediated synthesis of zirconia as potential protective dental coatings

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2021 Jan:120:111653. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111653. Epub 2020 Oct 20.

Authors

Ifra Sanaullah¹, Mahwish Bashir², Tanzeela Batool¹, Saira Riaz¹, Daoud Ali³, Anjum N Sabri⁴, Shahzad Naseem⁵

Affiliations

¹ Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab 54590, Lahore, Pakistan.
² Department of Physics, Government College for Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan.
³ Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudia Arabia.
⁴ Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
⁵ Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab 54590, Lahore, Pakistan. Electronic address: shahzad.cssp@pu.edu.pk.

PMID: 33545821
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111653

Abstract

Demand of bioactive materials that may create a bacteria-free environment while healing and regenerating the defect area is increasing day by day. Zirconia is a very interesting material because of its biocompatibility and high fracture toughness. In this research work, zirconia nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized using sol-gel method. Molarity of sols is varied in the range of 25 to 125 mM. The effect of acidic and basic nature of sols is studied by maintaining acidic (2) and basic (9) pH. As-synthesized NPs are made soluble in deionized (DI) water using tangerine drops. Dissolved NPs are spin coated onto glass substrate prior to characterization. Pure tetragonal phase, observed under all conditions using basic medium (pH 9), is accompanied by smaller crystallite size and unit cell volume. Presence of stabilized zirconia phase leads to higher value of density and higher mechanical strength. Nanodendrites with distinct features are observed for the sample prepared with high molarity using basic medium. Whereas, soft agglomerated nanodendrites are observed using acidic medium. Optical properties show transmission of 60-80% in the visible and infrared regions for acidic based samples and ~84% for basic samples. Direct energy band gap is varied from 4.96 eV to 5.1 eV in acidic (pH 2) and 4.91 eV to 4.97 eV in basic (pH 9) media. FTIR spectra show the formation of fundamental tetragonal band at 490 cm^-1 for basic samples. Antibacterial response of zirconia is tested against E. coli, Streptococcus and Bacillus bacteria. Human teeth, bare and zirconia coated, are tested for their possible weight loss after dipping in various beverages. Zirconia coated tooth shows negligible degradation in hardness and weight after 24 hr dipping period. Thus, coatings prepared using water soluble zirconia (WSZ) nanoparticles, without the use of toxic solvents/reagents, are promising material to be used as protective coatings in biomedical applications.

Keywords: Antibacterial; Coating; Hardness; Nanoparticles; Tetragonal; Water; Zirconia.

MeSH terms

Escherichia coli*
Hardness
Humans
Materials Testing
Nanoparticles*
Surface Properties
Zirconium

Substances

Zirconium
zirconium oxide