Novel voltammetric tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles involved in thiol-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and bimetallic Ni/Cu-MOFs

Anal Bioanal Chem. 2021 Apr;413(9):2481-2492. doi: 10.1007/s00216-021-03203-z. Epub 2021 Feb 5.

Abstract

TNF-α, as a pro-inflammatory cytokine, regulates some physiological and pathological courses. TNF-α level increases in some important diseases such as cancer, arthritis, and diabetes. In addition, it displays an important function in Alzheimer's and cardiovascular diseases. Herein, a novel, sensitive, and selective voltammetric TNF-α immunosensor was prepared by using gold nanoparticles involved in thiol-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (AuNPs/S-MWCNTs) as sensor platform and bimetallic Ni/Cu-MOFs as sensor amplification. Firstly, the sensor platform was developed on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface by using mixture of thiol-functionalized MWCNTs (S-MWCNTs) and AuNPs. Then, capture TNF-α antibodies were conjugated to sensor platform by amino-gold affinity. After capture TNF-α antibodies' immobilization, a new-type voltammetric TNF-α immunosensor was developed by immune reaction between AuNPs/S-MWCNTs immobilized with primer TNF-α antibodies and bimetallic Ni/Cu-MOFs conjugated with seconder TNF-α antibodies. The prepared TNF-α immunosensor was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) method, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A linearity range of 0.01-1.0 pg mL-1 and a low detection limit of 2.00 fg mL-1 were also obtained for analytical applications.

Keywords: Bimetallic Ni/Cu-MOFs; Composite; Immunosensor; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Voltammetry.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Immobilized / chemistry
  • Biosensing Techniques / methods*
  • Copper / chemistry
  • Electrochemical Techniques / methods
  • Gold / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Immunoassay / methods
  • Limit of Detection
  • Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Nanotubes, Carbon / chemistry*
  • Nickel / chemistry
  • Sulfhydryl Compounds / chemistry*
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / analysis
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / blood*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Immobilized
  • Nanotubes, Carbon
  • Sulfhydryl Compounds
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Gold
  • Copper
  • Nickel