Pain Management in Small Ruminants and Camelids: Analgesic Agents

Abstract

Small ruminants are increasing in popularity as both production and companion animals in the United States. Among sheep, goats, and camelids, there are many disease processes and management techniques that have the potential to result in painful or noxious stimuli. In these species, many medications and therapeutic techniques can be used to reduce or eliminate the long-term consequences of pain. This review focuses on the commonly used medications available for pain management of small ruminants and discusses the benefits and negative aspects of their use.

Keywords: Alpaca; Analgesia; Goat; Llama; Pain; Sheep; Small ruminant.