2 (1) School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia (2) Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia (3) Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.. edinur@usm.my.