Modulators of CFTR. Updates on clinical development and future directions

Eur J Med Chem. 2021 Mar 5:213:113195. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113195. Epub 2021 Jan 16.

Abstract

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most frequent life-limiting autosomal recessive disorder in the Caucasian population. It is due to mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. Current symptomatic CF therapies, which treat the downstream consequences of CFTR mutations, have increased survival. Better knowledge of the CFTR protein has enabled pharmacologic therapy aiming to restore mutated CFTR expression and function. These CFTR "modulators" have revolutionised the CF therapeutic landscape, with the potential to transform prognosis for a considerable number of patients. This review provides a brief summary of their mechanism of action and presents a thorough review of the results obtained from clinical trials of CFTR modulators.

Keywords: CFTR modulators; Corrector; Cystic fibrosis; Elexacaftor; Ivacaftor; Lumacaftor; Potentiator; Tezacafor.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aminophenols / chemical synthesis
  • Aminophenols / chemistry
  • Aminophenols / pharmacology*
  • Aminopyridines / chemical synthesis
  • Aminopyridines / pharmacology*
  • Benzodioxoles / chemical synthesis
  • Benzodioxoles / pharmacology*
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Cystic Fibrosis / diagnosis
  • Cystic Fibrosis / drug therapy*
  • Cystic Fibrosis / metabolism
  • Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / genetics
  • Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator / metabolism*
  • Drug Development*
  • Humans
  • Indoles / chemical synthesis
  • Indoles / pharmacology*
  • Quinolones / chemical synthesis
  • Quinolones / chemistry
  • Quinolones / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Aminophenols
  • Aminopyridines
  • Benzodioxoles
  • CFTR protein, human
  • Indoles
  • Quinolones
  • tezacaftor
  • Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator
  • ivacaftor
  • lumacaftor